Author name: suruchi.gupta@assaptr.com

Home About Us Enlightment Inventions Photography Press Writings Contact X On the Death of Moore’s Law By Niazi April 21st, 2024 0 Comments Discussion Moore’s law refers to an observation made by Intel co-founder Gordon Moore in 1965. He noticed that the number of transistors per square inch on integrated circuits had doubled every year since their invention. The prediction repeated so well for so many years that we began calling it a law, an immutable set of observations. We have now reached a limit to compression and transistor is replaced with nanotubes or biomolecules if we are to compress more circuits in a small space. The death of Moore’s Law teaches us the wisdom of creating a new modeling base, which I am calling Discontinuous Exponential Evolution Model or DEEM.  Technology evolution has a way to be discontinuous as technology growth can affect its growth. The rate constant in an exponential equation, taken to be a constant in Moore’s law, itself is subject to change causing a discontinuous change, both as a spike or as a nadir. In the 1960s, as President Kennedy declared war on space to take us to the moon before the decade was over lead to billions of dollars invested in technology, the benefits of which are evident in just about every technology around us.  The discovery of DNA fifty years ago altered the course of biotechnology. These were spike events, and the outcome growth of technology could not have been predicted based on the trend of growth in the past, a standard measure to develop models. Some name this change as double exponential growth, but that assumes that the variation in the rate constant is cumulative. The fact is that that rate constant can be additive or deductive creating a discontinuous evolution. The feedback circuit to the speed of change is not model-able because it cannot predict the course of technology growth in areas unpredicted. For example, new tools created by technology can create new technology that can produce better tools, significantly affecting the growth cycle. The DEEM is better appreciated as we examine our evolution, coming out of East Africa about 100,000 years ago, as one of the many species of Homo genus. A sudden growth of our cerebral cortex allowed us to surpass other Homo species that had languished for over 2 million years. The superiority of this new Homo species, which we audaciously called sapiens, is is an example of spiking in the DEEM. While we can claim to know the arrival of spikes or nadirs, this claim negates that predictability model of certainty—we cannot. Figure 1 shows a comparison of three situations. The bottom line is a normal exponential growth, in this case, 10% per year, the middle line is a double exponential model where the rate itself is changing by 10%, so it is 10.1%, and in the second year it will be 10.1%, and so on. The top curve is the DEEM curve where the rate is increasing by 10% per year (double exponential model) except for an additional bump every five years by an additional 10%. The DEEM model is a more realistic view of the change coming in technology. It explains that we may reach a stage where a continuous growth can skyrocket as we see these bumps. If Moore’s Law is dead, we know that a spike is coming. However, we have learned is that we should not be too quick in declaring an observation a law, perhaps a hypothesis. Figure 1. Multiples as a function of the time unit. Comparison of exponential, double exponential and double exponential plus periodic spikes.   Our Recent Posts The Power of Belief August 23, 2024 The Sweet Tooth Syndrome August 23, 2024 Share it On:Copyright 2024 © Niazi | Developed By AssaptR

Home About Us Enlightment Inventions Photography Press Writings Contact X The Sweet Tooth Syndrome By Niazi April 21st, 2024 0 Comments Discussion Human body craves for things sweet as a survival instinct, having figured out in the days of foraging that the only storage of calories available was the body itself; we never knew when we will come across another tree full of sweet hangings. From the earlier apes 10 million years ago to first bipeds 5million years ago, to first humans about 2.7 million years ago, to about 100,000 years ago when we, the Homo Sapiens, came out of East Africa, the history of evolution teaches us one lesson: while our abilities have come a long way, our capabilities remain the same—100,000 years is too small a period to change our hardware.  We are still the foraging species that lived in groups of about 100-150 and began the day looking for food and kept moving. With no storage facilities, the only thing we could do was to gorge ourselves, for we never knew when we would catch the next deer or come across a fig tree. Our ability to domesticate crops changed the game rapidly—suddenly we can now go to the next Marianos and fill up our shopping cart with a million calories for a small investment. But our hardware remains the same, evoking survival response. And that explains why we crave for things sweet—it is hard-wired into us. And that goes for the rest of our eating habits as well. So far, I have said things that you have heard enough times and wondering, there goes another pundit. I will not tell you that you can cheat your survival instincts, but I can surely tell you on my personal experience that abilities have flourished over millions of years because we have built-in capabilities to learn how to fool us. Instead of fighting the sweet tooth syndrome, feed it with worthless sweets—sugar-free Jello (10 calories), pieces of water melon, often a small piece of ice cream (yes, that is mostly fat), and when in need licking Splenda. And if that does not work, don’t despair you are only a couple of years away when you will not drool at the freshly baked chocolate chip cookie. Our Recent Posts The Sweet Tooth Syndrome August 23, 2024 Share it On:Copyright 2024 © Niazi | Developed By AssaptR

Home About Us Enlightment Inventions Photography Press Writings Contact X The Power of Belief By Niazi April 21st, 2024 0 Comments Discussion Life is our most precious asset; taking life of others or giving our own for the sake of others is the final frontier of our expression of belief. Before we kill another human, or for that matter, an animal, our mind had fully justified the killing; just before we commit suicide, whether for a cause or to relieve our suffering, our mind had fully justified the act. The 9/11 hijackers believed in: “Let those (believers) who sell the life of ‘tis world for the hereafter fight in the cause of Allah and whoso fights in the cause of Allah—and is slain or gets victory. We shall bestow on him a great reward.” (Qur’an)[1]. The carnage that followed was massive and took 3,121 lives but there were 19 who laid their lives as well believing in what the Qur’an says. The belief has remarkable power, unparalleled by any other human expression. It was early spring of 1941 when Hitler called Himmler to his office; Himmler sat at the desk of Hitler’s secretary when Hitler announced his decision to eliminate Jews; Himmler put his head in his hands and said: “My God, my God, what I am expected to do?” The end result was that almost two-thirds of the 9 million Jews in Europe at that time were killed including one million children. If we add to this counts the homosexuals and other prisoners of war that were also executed by the Nazis, the toll rise to over 10 million people. Hitler believed that those subscribed to Judaic religion and other different lifestyles are a menace to the world and must be eliminated. In ‘Hitler Ascent 1889-1939’ by Volker Ullrich[2], we see how did Adolf Hitler — described by an eminent magazine editor in 1930 as a “half-insane rascal,” a “pathetic dunderhead,” a “nowhere fool,” a “big mouth” — rose to power in the land of Goethe and Beethoven? What persuaded millions of ordinary Germans to embrace him and his doctrine of hatred? How did this “most unlikely pretender to high state office” achieve absolute power in a once democratic country and set it on a course of monstrous horror?’ So, we see that it was not Hitler alone, but all those who allowed him to gain the supreme power to inflict this atrocity, are equally to be blamed; belief has so many sides. When he died in 1924, Stalin had earned a place in history as one of the most ruthless rulers in the history. His style was different than the direct killing by Hitler; he triggered famine in Ukraine to destroy those asking for freedom; over 7 million perished. Thousands of intellectual were killed with point blank bullets accused of up rise against the regime. He believed that human spirit can and should be crushed by force. Stalin: The First In-depth Biography Based on Explosive New Documents from Russia’s Secret Archives by Edvard Radzinsky[3] paints a picture of the Soviet strongman as more calculating, ruthless, and blood-crazed than has ever been described or imagined. Stalin was a man for whom power was all, terror a useful weapon, and deceit a constant companion. Stalin’s script was stolen unashamedly by Ayataullah Ruholla Khomeini, the religious ruler who came to power on 19 July 1988, as began killing the majority of the supporters of the People’s Mujahedin of Iran, the Fedaian and the Tudeh Party of Iran (Communist Party), as well as the intellectuals, including the past prime minister of Iran. Khomeini believed that those who do not believe in his values of religion should be eliminated to preserve religion. He destroyed a beautiful country. In his famous Little Green Book [4] he states: Jihad means the conquest of all non-Muslim territories. Such a war may well be declared after the formation of an Islamic government worthy of that name, at the direction of the Imam or under his orders. It will then be the duty of every able-bodied adult male to volunteer for this war of conquest, the final aim of which is to put Qur’anic law in power from one end of the earth to the other. But the whole world should understand that the universal supremacy of Islam is considerably different from the hegemony of other conquerors. It is therefore necessary for the Islamic government first to be created under the authority of the Imam in order that he may undertake this conquest, which will be distinguishable from all other wars of conquest, which are unjust and tyrannical and disregard the moral and civilizing principles of Islam. That is how he justified his acts. This book is full of minutiae of how we should live day by day that it almost appears comical, yet millions hold this book in the highest esteem, no different than the Mao’s Red Book. It all began in 2003 and continues today, when a group of government agents funded by Arab militia, loosely translated as “devils on the horseback” began killing the populace of Darfur; they destroyed entire villages, murdering and raping as they tortured their own kind to tune of more than half a million and displacing over 3 million. The Sudanese rulers believed that force is the only solution to motivate people into submission. In Gerard Prunier’s book[5] we see why the conflict in Darfur qualified as genocide? He questions whether Darfur isn’t horrible enough to justify a claim on the world’s conscience? The ethnic cleansing started by Hitler continued to raise its ugly head as we see the genocide of Bosnian Muslims at Srebrenica and Zepa by Bosnian Serb forces in 1994. General Mladic believed that ethnic cleansing is the only way to purify a nation. From 1993-1995, millions of Bosnian Muslims were killed. It was not until the summer of 1995 that the US decided to intervene that the genocide came to an end. [6] The Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of